Monodactyl Equids from East Turkana

There is clear evidence for the presence at Koobi Fora of several monodactyl equids differing by size and morphology. One species is very large. This is also the only one for which the referral to Allohippus is certain. The other forms may belong as well to Allohippus as to Equus since we lack the diagnostic cranial characters. These forms are smaller and differ mainly by the morphology of their cheek teeth. In consequence there is no certainty as to which belong the limb bones; the referrings below may be wrong.

In this study I follow a chronological order in describing the fossils of Koobi Fora. In a separate article of this web site (“Morphological Characters†) I discuss and give tentative definitions of the “characters†I use in this and other studies.

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
– levels from under the KBS Member and /or Notochoerus scotti (NS) faunal zone, around 1.9 My old
– levels from Okote member and/or Metridiochoerus andrewsi (MA) faunal zone, around 1.4 My old
– levels from Chari Member and/or Metridiochoerus compactus (MC) faunal zone, around 1My old
– Guomde Formation, around 0.5 My old.
– Galana Boi, between 12 and 7 Ka BP.

Articles

Monodactyl Equids of East Turkana : Tables

Methods of measurements may be found at this web side inside the chapter "Tools".

Summary

1. In East Turkana, at Koobi Fora, inside levels about 1.9 My old, were found remains of a very large Allohippus : A. koobiforensis. The (...)

Equus cf. burchelli from MA and MC zones

Tibia KNM ER 1277 is a perfectly preserved Tibia (Fig. 59, 60) resembling a large E. burchelli. Fig. 59 Fig. 60 “Associated†First (...)

Equus from Galana Boi

Associated Upper and Lower Cheek teeth KNM ER 4055, Galana Boi, (Fig. 58). The pattern of the upper cheek teeth is compatible with extant (...)

Monodactyl Equids from Guomde

KNM ER 2658 are associated one upper premolar and two lower premolars (Fig. 56). The enamel is very plicated like in the Sussemione-like teeth (...)

Monodactyl Equids from MC Zone

Associated Upper and Lower Cheek Teeth KNM ER 2652 are an upper right Premolar and the mesial half of a left Premolar (Fig.53). Fig. 53 (...)