[Véra Eisenmann]

Véra Eisenmann

Les amateurs de Chevaux, curieux de leur évolution, trouveront ici quelques articles publiés à leur intention dans la rubrique « Diffusion des connaissances ».

Toutefois la majeure partie du site, toujours en construction, est destinée Ã des spécialistes et fournit des informations (sytème de mesures, mesures, illustrations, photographies, commentaires, bibliographie) concernant l’ostéologie des Equidés. Pour le moment, c’est surtout les Equidés actuels et quelques Equus fossiles (Equus, Allohippus, Plesippus) qui sont documentés.
En ce qui concerne les Hipparions au sens large, mes données sur les formes d’Amérique du Nord (Merychippus, Cormohipparion, etc.) sont disponibles (en anglais) ainsi que celles sur certains Hipparions de l’ex-Union Soviétique, de France et de Grèce.

Mode d’emploi.

Les numéros (1, 2, 3, etc.) dans les tableaux font référence à des mesures décrites dans les rubriques « Outils Système de mesures pour les os et les dents d’Equus (et d’Hipparions)». Chaque os est figuré avec les légendes correspondantes, mais il faut cliquer sur les vignettes pour que le dessin apparaisse en taille normale.
La rubrique « Outils » contient aussi des explications pratiques concernant des méthodes d’étude (diagrammes de Simpson, estimations de hauteurs au garrot, différenciation des premières phalanges antérieures et postérieures, etc.).

WELCOME.

Most of this site is, and will be, devoted to equids from Merychippus to extant Equus. The information (metric data, photographs, bibliographic references) is given in order to help research specialists or students with their work. Some publications (in Â« Diffusion des Connaissances Â») are intended for a broader public.
The main language of this site is French but many articles were translated in English (in particular those in Â« Tools Â» concerning methods of measurements).

Instructions for use.

Numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.) inside the tables refer to measurements described in « Tools - System of measurements for Equus (or Hipparion) bones and teeth » where corresponding illustrations and captions may be found for each bone (you have to click on the reductions to make them appear full-size).

The rubric Â« Tools Â» contains also practical explanations of techniques such as Simpson’s ratio diagrams, or Â« recipes Â» for calculating the withers height or for differenciating anterior and posterior phalanges.

Most recent articles

HÃ¶wenegg

Wednesday 28 December 2011

The Hipparion of the Vallesian of Hà¶wenegg was described in an exhaustive monography by Bernor et al., 1997. There are several more or less complete skeletons (here, the data on associated phalanges 1, 2, and 3 are grouped in the same table). My personal data are very scarce. BERNOR, R.L., (…)

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Sexual dimorphism in Equus

Sunday 25 December 2011

The main and commonly known sexual dimorphism in Equus is the presence of well developed canines at least on the maxillar in males and the almost constant lack of canines in females. Moreover, the pubian symphysis is flatter in females after their first parturition. Concerning the limb bones (…)

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Lubéron Introduction

Friday 9 December 2011

The material from Mont Lubéron is not homogeneous. It is also often broken and distorted. Together with the predominant Hipparion prostylum (Gervais, 1849, 1859) there are fossils of smaller and larger hiparions (Zouhri & Bensalmia 2005). The data given here correspond only to the part of (…)

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Dereivka Introduction

Friday 18 November 2011

Since the 1960ies, the site of Dereivka in Ukraine, referred to the Sredni Stog culture, has been considered as the first center of horse domestication. The datations of 4200-4000 BC seem well founded and numerous cultural, anatomic and taphonomic arguments has been advanced in support (…)

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Mezin, Introduction

Tuesday 11 October 2011

Mezin (Ukraine) is a prehistoric site about 24000 years old well known for its shelter in mammouth bones (http://donsmaps.com/wolfcamp.html). Remains of Equus at the Zoological lnstitute of Kiev, are well preserved although not very abundant. They do not look homogeneous, probably because they (…)

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Introduction

Thursday 6 October 2011

About 50 years ago, Jean Brunet, who was studying Equus and Hipparion, took photographs of some British equids, in particular of Hipparion teeth from the Red Crag, Suffolk and left them to me. Some of the teeth were illustrated and discussed by Pirlot (1956). Metapodials of H. crassum have (…)

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Montredon, Introduction

Monday 26 September 2011

The Vallesian Hipparion from Montredon have already been described and discussed in an old paper 64.Les Périssodactyles Equidae de Montredon.. Here raw data (instead of statistical tables) and more photographs are made available. The material is not homogeneous: fossils of Hipparion (…)

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Introduction

Thursday 21 July 2011

This section contains mainly my personal data (photographs and measurements). Some photographs were also taken from the thesis of Maria-Teresa Alberdi : El Genero Hipparion en Espaà±a, Nuevas formas de Castilla y Andalucia, revision e historia evolutiva. Madrid 1972. See also : – Alberdi, (…)

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Comparisons with Old World Hipparions

Thursday 3 June 2010

The scatter diagram SD-6 shows that (as far as I know) all Old World Hipparion skulls belong to Group B except H. prostylum (Lubéron LY 592) which has the same proportions as Group A-8 ( Ratio diagram A-8 and H. prostylum). – H. hendeyi (Langebaanweg E 22187), although larger, resembles (…)

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Chronology

Thursday 3 June 2010

From the chronology of the sites (probably outdated table), it appears that the Group A is very old: Thomson, Echo Quarry, Trinity River. Even the brachyodont Mesohippus, Miohippus (Meso-Mio), Hypohippus, Megahippus and Parahippus (Hypo-Mega-Para) have the same shortness of the naso-incisival (…)

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